01 -
In a large heavy pot or Dutch oven, heat the olive oil and 2 tablespoons of butter over medium heat until the butter melts. Add the sliced onions and stir to coat them evenly. Cover and cook for 20 minutes, stirring occasionally until the onions become translucent.
02 -
Remove the lid, stir in sugar and salt, and continue cooking uncovered over medium heat for 40 minutes, stirring occasionally until onions are deeply golden and sweet.
03 -
Add flour and remaining 1 tablespoon of butter; stir continuously and cook for 2 to 3 minutes to eliminate raw flour taste.
04 -
Pour 1 cup of beef broth into the pot, stirring to scrape up browned bits from the bottom, and cook for approximately 1 minute until broth reduces slightly.
05 -
Add the remaining beef broth, red wine, bay leaves, and thyme sprigs to the pot. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer uncovered for 30 minutes.
06 -
Remove bay leaves and thyme sprigs. Adjust seasoning with salt and pepper to taste. Stir in cognac.
07 -
Lightly brush baguette slices with olive oil and toast under the broiler about 30 seconds to 1 minute per side until golden.
08 -
Top the soup with 1 cup Gruyère cheese, arrange toasted bread slices over the cheese, then sprinkle with remaining Gruyère and Parmesan cheese. Bake in a preheated oven at 350°F (177°C) for 20 to 25 minutes until cheese is melted and golden brown.
09 -
Ladle hot soup into bowls and serve immediately.